Imperous conflicts in Europe and Jeanne' D' Ark fatum.

In immemorial times, among Indo-European peoples there was a constructive tradition of "coexistence" between Brahmans and warriors which in Christian Western Europe has developed into division of secular and spiritual authorities. But conflict of other sort - the conflict between charismatic person and religious institute has appeared. Pharisees persecuted Christ because Jesus called the followers to address for God, passing a pharisaic priest caste.

For harmonious society existence balance is not only between secular and spiritual authorities, but also between institute and the charismatic person inside of last necessary. But it is available not always. The example of tragedy similar kind is Centenary war and its brightest episode – history of Virgin Orlean.

In the Soviet textbooks it was accepted to speak, that overweight of England in Centenary war resulted from it "centralism", from stronger, in comparison with France, royal authority. In it propensity of the Soviet historiography to praise centralization affects, be even it is centralization by Ivan Groznyy. By the way, France before war was where "is more centralized" than England, and kings of last, limited to parliament (which in England was representative, instead of only judicial - as French) had less authority.

         The valid reasons of defeats of the Frenchmen are complex enough. Here and smaller ability of elite groups (and in general estates) to agree among themselves and ethnic heterogeneity of provinces.

At the first stage of war (in 14 century) England was actively supported with southwest territories of France which and earlier were weighed upon authority of Paris. During the second period (15 century) the position of powerful duchy Burgundian had determining value. While Burgundians were together with Englishmen, those have gone from a victory over a victory.

Deep split inside of elites has aggravated a situation. Isabella Bavarian, the spouse of the French king, using hereditary propensity of the last to time losses of mind, has finished him with full insanity. Then, queen could be betrayed without problems to court joys. All this did not delight its son and the successor of a throne prince Charles. Soon Isabella’s favorite was killed.

Queen has come to fury. Her unloved son has been accused of a crime and, from approval of Catholic Church a throne has transferred the English king married to the daughter of the Isabella.

In general, big (and not too positive) influence of women for king court is typically for the French history. Through two hundred years the collision has repeated when Maria Medici’s favorite has been killed by means instigation of its son, Luis 13 (but the situation had not so tragically consequences - France was already it is more ordered). In one and a half centuries of madam de Pompadour has involved the country in catastrophic Seven-year war.

So, the rest true to Charles armies suffered defeats. Northern half of France up to Loire (including Paris) has been occupied by Englishmen and Burgundians. Young prince was in tragic circumstances.

Burgundian role is clear in this situation. The modern Frenchmen - the ethnos having complicated origin, which formation by 15 century has just gone. Gascons, Bretons and others were desperately protected from the Parisian captures, preferring authority of overseas king of England.

At the considered moment Burgundians, whose dukes were strongest (by the way, members of the French royal family) carried out the active policy directed on formation of own state. They aspired to unit extensive, but isolated possession (Burgundy plus Netherlands). For this purpose, it was necessary for dukes to grasp the grounds in the Central France. If their purposes have crowned success, burgundies would turn to the independent nation.

It is possible to explain a position of Catholic Church the various reasons. First, prelates remembered a role of the French kings, since Phillip in process of humiliation of Rome. Phillip’s Envoy (the beginning of 14 centuries) has treat with Pope very roughly, and then France has achieved transferring Pope throne on the territory (in Avignon), having begun centenary split of church. Strong France was dangerous (and the future role of England it was difficult to expect).

On the other hand, sacred fathers were real policies and, probably, wanted to put an end to the war tormenting a core of Christian Europe. From the given point of view it was more expedient to support stronger (king of England) that the agony of the weakest, to the general calm, has more likely broken. But events have taken a turn of which was not expected by anybody. Orlean Virgin has come, expiated damage caused by the Isabella Bavarian.

Jeanne d’Arcy is surprisingly light image. It is possible to tell about it only good. However here it is meaningful to analyze value of this phenomenon.

First, she was virgin. The pure girl could command armies only. Get Jeanne a favorite - and all would fail. She would become or a toy of retinue, object of rivalry. Virginity was not without reason esteemed - we shall recollect Roman vestals and other pagan priestesses, let alone Christian nuns.

As is known, on court Jeanne accused of sorcery, that she a witch. To witches, alongside with other traces, it was attributed and dissolution. It is curious, that Shakespeare, in the historical play devoted to Henry Y, the conqueror of France, has deduced Jeanne in an image of the libertine (apparently, Englishmen still remembered defeat). How in brains of prosecutors the idea of virginity and dissolution incorporated?

When the girl swore in ancient societies to purity and avoided men, she became as though suppose a supernatural essence. The essence it could have both divine, and "spontaneous", and infernal nature. Pagan priestesses in Middle Ages began to rank as an extensive category of witches. That is why sometimes witches counted virgin and dissolution at a time.  By the way, in some decades after Centenary war, in Europe “processes of witches” which accused in incubus - communications with demons more often have begun.

The problem has one more interesting aspect - shamanism. Under shamanism it is understood in narrow sense or Tunguso-Manchurian tradition, or, in wide - similar traditions of peoples of Siberia, Africa, America, etc. Shamanism speaks about figurative division of the world into the world of heavenly spirits, people and ancestors (here its concept differs from any other religious tradition a little). Originality of the given doctrine will consist in idea about presence of "marriage" between the shaman and spirit of a feminine gender (or shaman and spirit of a masculine gender). Owing to this "marriage" the shaman or shaman women received the supernatural help, in particular, could heal, or, leaving own body to travel on all three worlds.

Probably, the idea of "marriage" is some "degeneration" of the concept of the spiritual union.

Here again we pass to the description of imperious collisions. Charles Jung spoke about two types of large politicians - "tsar" and "shaman". According to its concept, representatives of the first type leaned on real force (own, force of army, police, etc.). "Shaman" from a policy possessed charisma - hidden, but rather effective power which arose owing to mental projections of expectations of peoples. According to Jung, Stalin corresponded to the first type, Hitler - to the second. "Shaman" in a condition to make enormous spiritual revolution. But it also can lead people to accident for stays in “the world of illusions”. Management – business of "king".

Jeanne d’Arcy was the representative "shaman" type (in good sense of this term). Not without reason she heard voices (sacred Ekaterina, sacred Michael). It is necessary to tell, that Middle Ages it is an epoch of all "visions" - people differed raised exaltation. The church concerned to the given phenomenon ambiguously - "visionary" could appear connected as with good forces (then it should be included in system), and with devil. In any case, it potentially threatened the developed order of things. In each concrete case special trial (this tradition resulted in the Second inquisition at the end of Middle Ages) was supposed.

In history with Jeanne amaze consequences of the phenomenon. According to the traditional version, the girl from country family, from the western provinces, are ruined by the Burgundians allies of Englishmen, is to prince Charles, inspires it and goes with a royal army to Orleans. Jeanne removes English blockade from this city (former a key to Southern France) and persuades Charles to make a campaign to Rheims (in which cathedral kings traditionally got married). The prince becomes king Charles YII.

But the monarch, by the definition, concerns to the first - to “king type” a policy. If "shaman" should speak, convince people, force of king - of a hint, movement of an eyebrow. Tsar is silent. In case of a failure it can always tell, that it « not so have understood ». The conflict between "shaman" and "king" if is not inevitable, is probable.

Thus, Jeanne appeared in a political vice. New king (or its advisers), she irritated many figures of Catholic Church misunderstanding of that name « a real policy ». We shall remind, what exactly proceeding from such policy English king as the strongest, has been recognized France king. Orlean Virgin has broken all these agreements. But ‘real politic’ tends to heal the wounds, let and on another already to a basis, in view of a new allocation of forces.

And new situation was those - Burgundian duke Phillip was declined to the union with Charles YII and wanted to tear with Englishmen. But the situation demanded ‘exchange of figures’ and Jeanne with her exaltation did not wish to understand it. Therefore her have sacrificed.

To tell the truth, there is a historical version, that Virgin has been rescued, has received the nobility welcome to king and has safely married. Then she participated in fighting operations (war lasted still a quarter of a century) but without especial shine. This legend is truthful or not, she changes nothing. Jeanne has made the feat, and could, have avoided death to live a private life. Business was taken in people of ‘a real policy’ strong hands.

English armies have started to lose one French territory for another (besides vigorous king Henry Y has died). Soon all “fine France” has been released, and wearisome interstine war of the Scarlet and White Rose began in England. YII got on with the Burgundian duke Phillip together not bad, but already Charles’s son Lui 11 has destroyed Phillip’s son - Charles (the truth, hands of Swiss). The epoch has come to the end. To remove from himself charge, that he had been crowned by a witch (it is possible also, that with gratitude and repentance) Charles YII has achieved Jeanne's posthumous justification. And five hundred years later after her condemnation, Orlean Virgin has been ranked as sacred.

Alex Fantalov.

"Heliopolis" by Ernest Junger.

Menu